Book of Mormon background:
Mormon was an ancient prophet born in 310 AD Central America. He spent his life observing and participating in warfare. His people, the Nephites, defended themselves against the Lamanites. In 385 AD, the Lamanites annihilated the Nephites in one great, last battle.In addition to leading men into battle, Mormon, as instructed by the Lord, made a historical compilation of His people, mainly of the house of Israel, whom He had led out of Jerusalem to inhabit the regions in and around Central America.
By referring to many volumes of records, which were engraved upon thin gold or brass plates, Mormon engraved his own narrative style history of the Lord's dealings with His people in the New World.
Before going out against the Lamanites for the last time, Mormon gave his son Moroni charge of his book. Moroni finished the book and became the last known survivor of the Nephite nation.
For decades, Moroni wandered alone throughout central and northern America, hiding from the Lamanites--ancestors of today's Native Americans.
Before he died, Moroni buried his father's book of gold plates in a hillside in present day Wayne County, New York. There the plates rested for 1,400 years.
To fulfill the covenant that God the Father made with Abraham, with his son Isaac, and with Isaac's son Jacob (Israel), Mormon's record was destined to come forth to all of Israel's descendants in the last days. This record was to contain the gospel of Jesus Christ and the ancient account of His visit among Israel's descendants in the New World.
Mormon's record, the gospel of Christ, came forth to a latter-day prophet, Joseph Smith, a descendant of Jacob's son, Joseph, who was sold into Egypt.
As a resurrected being, Moroni gave Joseph Smith charge of Mormon's plates on September 22nd, 1827. Before returning the plates to Moroni, Joseph was given the power to translate the reformed Egyptian characters engraved upon them into English, and The Book of Mormon was published in 1830.
In this book, Jesus states that the act of Israel's latter-day descendants reading this book is in itself a sign to them that the Father's work has begun...that He will soon fulfill His covenant to all the house of Israel, to bring them knowledge of their Redeemer and restore them to their lands of inheritance.
Books Within The Book of Mormon:
The First Book of Nephi --- writings of Nephi and selections from the writings of Isaiah (about 600-588 BC)The Second Book of Nephi --- writings of Nephi, and of his brother Jacob, and selections from the writings of Isaiah (about 587-545 BC)
The Book of Jacob --- writings of Jacob & selections from the writings of Zenos (about 544-500 BC)
The Book of Enos --- writings of Jacob's son Enos (about 499-421 BC)
The Book of Jarom --- writings of Enos's son Jarom (420-361 BC)
The Book of Omni --- writings of Jarom's son Omni, of his son Amaron, of his brother Chemish, and of his son Abinadom, and of his son Amaleki (about 360-130 BC)
The Words of Mormon --- writings of Mormon (about 385 AD)
The Book of Mosiah --- writings of Mormon while referring to the record and writings of Zeniff, the records of Benjamin, of his son Mosiah, and of Alma (about 129-93 BC)
The Book of Alma --- writings of Mormon while referring to the records of Alma's son Alma (92-74 BC), of his son Helaman (73-57 BC), and of his brother Shiblon (56-52 BC)
The Book of Helaman --- writings of Mormon while referring to the records of Helaman's son Helaman (51-24 BC), and of his sons, Nephi and Lehi (23-1 BC)
The Third Book ofNephi --- writings of Mormon while referring to the record of Nephi's son Nephi (1-35 AD)
The Fourth Book of Nephi --- writings of Mormon while referring to the records of Nephi's son Nephi (a disciple of Christ), and of his son Nephi, and of his son Amos, and of his son Amos, and of his brother Ammaron (36-320 AD)
The Book of Mormon --- writings of Mormon and of his son Moroni (about 321-400 AD)
The Book of Ether --- writings of Moroni while referring to the record of Ether (about 2200-550 BC)
The Book of Moroni --- writings of Moroni, including some of Mormon's words (about 401-421 AD)